The Evacuation Chair and Stretcher - Their Use Throughout History
During times of war, disaster and plague, the earliest form of stretchers down the centuries were simply found items like farm gates, doors or flat bed carts. Anything that could suitably support an injured person and transport them to safety and care was viable. The mass wars of the 19th century, along with an increase in work related injuries resulting from the Industrial Revolution led to a need for better health care for the wounded. The Napoleonic Wars, the American Civil War and particularly the Battle of Solferino led to the creation of the Red Cross and the St John’s Ambulance Brigade. The latter organisation pushed forwards with the development of the standard stretcher and it was John Furley who is credited with the first recognisable stretcher. This used the most lightweight and durable materials available at the time, namely wood and canvas. A strong canvas support was attached to two poles that had foldable legs to create a temporary bed for victims when they were put...